Thread: compiling a kernel module

hi! need learn write kernel modules. using documentation linux kernel source (file <linux_src>/documentation/kbuild/modules.txt) , tldp project (http://www.tldp.org/ldp/lkmpg/2.6/html/index.html)
have pre-installed linux headers kernel.
created directory 2 files:

az@az-ubuntu:/mnt/misc/code/my_module_2$ ls
hello.c makefile

az@az-ubuntu:/mnt/misc/code/my_module_2$ cat ./hello.c
/*
* hello.c - simplest kernel module.
*/
#include <linux/module.h> /* needed modules */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* needed kern_info */

int init_module(void)
{
printk(kern_info "hello world 1.\n");

/*
* non 0 return means init_module failed; module can't loaded.
*/
return 0;
}

void cleanup_module(void)
{
printk(kern_info "goodbye world 1.\n");
}

az@az-ubuntu:/mnt/misc/code/my_module_2$ cat ./makefile
obj-m = hello.o
kversion = $(shell uname -r)
all:
make -c /lib/modules/$(kversion)/build m=$(pwd)
clean:
make -c /lib/modules/$(kversion)/build m=$(pwd) clean

looks have done correct, here's happens when try make:

az@az-ubuntu:/mnt/misc/code/my_module_2$ make
make: nothing done `all'.

the required directory linux headers exists:

az@az-ubuntu:/mnt/misc/code/my_module_2$ ls /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build
arch crypto drivers fs init kbuild kernel makefile module.symvers samples security source ubuntu virt
block documentation firmware include ipc kconfig lib mm net scripts sound tools usr

help!

do have tabs in front of make commands in makefile? note

makefile:

code:

obj-m = hello.o kversion = $(shell uname -r) all: make -c /lib/modules/$(kversion)/build m=$(pwd) clean: make -c /lib/modules/$(kversion)/build m=$(pwd) clean

code:

$ make make: nothing done `all'.

makefiles sensitive indentation....

new makefile:

code:

obj-m = hello.o kversion = $(shell uname -r) all:   make -c /lib/modules/$(kversion)/build m=$(pwd) clean:   make -c /lib/modules/$(kversion)/build m=$(pwd) clean

code:

$ make make -c /lib/modules/3.0.0-9-generic/build m=/home/niall/desktop/temp make[1]: entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-9-generic'   building modules, stage 2.   modpost 1 modules make[1]: leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-9-generic'

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